Bloodstock Foundation or foundation stock is an animal that is an ancestor, or foundation, of a new breed (or crossbreed or hybrid), or a bloodline given in such. Although commonly applied to individual animals, a group of animals may be referred collectively as a base bloodstock when a different population (such as a breed or breed) provides a genetic basis for the underlying new populations.
This term is very common in older breeds where the written breed registry is not created until after the breed phenotype is well established. However, many modern breeds can be traced to specific and named foundation animals.
The terms for a parent's foundation differ by sex, the most common being the basis for the father, and the foundation of the dam for the mother. Depending on the species in question, more specific terms may be used, such as
The first generation progeny of hybrid foundation stock is referred to as F1 hybrid animal, second generation as F2, and so on, usually through F4.
Video Foundation stock
Dog
In the breeding of dogs, a fondi Sire is the male ancestor of the lineage, while the appropriate term for women is the foundation of the dam (or, in decreased use, ).
American Kennel Club operates a breed registry for over 60 newborn and experimental breeds, called the Foundation Stock Service Program (FSS), where breeders can seek to build full AKC recognition from their new breeds.
Maps Foundation stock
Horses
In horse breeding, the term sire foundation and the mare or dam foundation refers to the earliest ancestor of the breed. There are usually several males, but some horses, although in many cases the foundation horses are not always identified in the old genealogical records, although in the Thoroughbred captivity, the pedigree is traced to the female tail line. In most cases, breeds that require all members to search for special foundation stocks have closed stud books and do not allow cross-breeding to other animals. The Thoroughbred, Andalusian and Arabic are examples of breeds with closed stud books.
Some breeds, like Morgan horses, have one son named foundations, while others, such as Lipizzan, may have some. In some cases, especially with older horse breeds, some or all of the mother's foundations may not be known. However, in breeds with well-documented breeds, all or almost all animal foundations can be identified. For example, there are three main foundations of the Thoroughbred, and another 24 or 25, together with 74 foundations. An example of bloodline lineage in hereditary lineage is the Crabbet line from the Crabbet Arabian Stud farm in England. These animals were raised by the same program for 92 years, exported worldwide, and have a major impact on the breed. Some Arab breeders today specialize in horses derived only from this breeding program. Similarly, in Standardbred, Clay Trotting Horses is a distinct line of foundation in the offspring.
Examples of breeds formed by foundation stocks of other breeds, but not necessarily all of the individual animals named, are Hackney horses, with the lineage contributed from Thoroughbred and Norfolk Trotter. In other cases, where the breed or landrace is older than the written record, the foundation of bloodstock is sometimes depicted by myth or legend, such as the horse of Muhammad's myth, known as Al Khamsa ('The Five') , is said to be a horses foundation of the type of Arabian horses.
Some breeds with established phenotypes and a foundation stockpile may still permit the outer blood line to contribute to the breed's genetic basis; this thus has at least an open stud book. One example of a partially open male book is the American Quarter Horse, which still enables limited registration of animals with Quarter Horse parents and one Thoroughbred parent. Newer breeds, such as many warmblood breeds, may be mostly open stud books, where registered horses may consist of various lineages, but must first pass through a rigorous selection process.
The word "foundation" is also sometimes applied, in different contexts, to phenotype horses that are similar to the original foundation stock, especially when the modern look of the breed has deviated from its original stock. The word can also refer to animals that only trace some of the oldest basic blood number selected, especially when new breeding has been added that alters the original phenotype.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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