The Karabakh horse (Azerbaijan: Qaraba? At? ), also known as Karabai or Karabakhskaya in Russian, is mountain-racing and horseback riding. Named after the geographical area in which the horse was originally developed: Karabakh in the southern Caucasus, an area that is part of Azerbaijan but a part of the plateau that is under the control of the largely unappreciated Republic of Artsakh. This breed is famous for its temperament and its good speed; in 2004, a Karabakh horse named Kishmish from Agdam's stud in Azerbaijan covered 1,000 meters in one minute, nine seconds and 1,600 meters in one minute, 52 seconds.
The Karabakh was thought to be influenced by Persian and Akhal-Teke horses, Kabarda, Turkoman and Arab descent, and it affected the development of the Don of Russia during the 19th century. It was raised mainly in the Shaki region of Azerbaijan. Number of breeds below 1000, and endangered.
Video Karabakh horse
Characteristics
The Karabakh is hardy, strong, tough and sure-feet, standing 14.1-15.2 hands (57-62 inches, 145-157 cm) tall. It has a well-defined small head, straight profile with wide forehead, and large nostrils. The neck is set high, the average length, muscular and elegant. It has a compact body, with well-defined muscles and well-developed. Shoulders are often erect. The horse has a deep chest, a croup that tilts and long legs, smooth, strong with small joints. His chest was narrow and not too deep to penetrate the thickness, due to Akhal-Teke's influence.
Her skin is thin and soft, with a glossy coat. The main colors are chestnut and bay, with a distinctive golden color; some are gray, and palominos and buckskins are rare. White flags allowed. As well as being fast and lively, Karabakh is known for its durability and loyalty.
Maps Karabakh horse
History
Karabakh has close ties to Akhal-Teke (who grew up in Turkmenistan) and Turkoman horses, who grew up in Iran. Some historians believe that they were originally single descendants and significantly influenced the development of Arabian horses. These facts were discovered after much research in the XIX century.
The area of ​​Karabakh is known for the quality of its horses; the classical historian Strabo describes the province of "Orchistene" as a royal supplier with "most cavalry." According to some sources, tens of thousands of horses with gold-chestnut dyes (Karabakh characteristics) were seized by Arabs during the conquest of the 8th and ninth centuries from Arran.
This breed acquires its present characteristics during the 18th and 19th centuries. In Transcaucasia, Karabakh Khanate is known as a place to breed horses. The khanat factory is the main breeding horse race, which is not sold, but is only presented as a gift. According to Dukkikh, in 1797, right after the death of Agha Mohammad, Ibragim khan got his stability. There is some evidence that Ibrahim-Khalil (1763-1806), the ruler of Karabakh Khanate, has a herd of 3,000-4,000 (mainly Karabakh). During the 19th century, Karabakh became popular in Europe. A British company bought 60 karabakh mare from Mehdi-Kulu Khan, the last ruler of Karabakh Khanate, on sale in 1823. Although the numbers were affected in 1826 during the Russo-Iran war, this breed remained intact.
Karabakh played an important role in the formation of the Russian Don race. The common heir of Russia Valerian Madatov sold all his horses, including 200 Karabakh horses, to a rancher in the Don area in 1836. The horses were used to raise the Don of Russia into the 20th century.
Karabakh's numbers declined sharply during the early 20th century, mainly due to civil and ethnic wars in the Caucasus in general and the Karabakh region in particular. The glorification company founded by Karabakh Khan and developed by their heirs was destroyed in 1905. Karabakh was bred for other breeds, resulting in changes including size reduction.
In 1949, the breed was revived in Agild's stud in Azerbaijan. Seven years later, Karabakh Zaman's horse and an Akhal-Teke named Mele-Kush were presented to Queen Elizabeth II by the Soviet government.
This breed experienced another setback during the Nagorno-Karabakh War. Prior to 1993 Agrus's capture by Armenian troops, most of Karabakh's horses were removed from Agdam's stud. They are currently raised in winter pastures in the lowlands of Karabakh plains between Barda and Agjabadi.
During the years of the Russian Empire
In 1805 Karabakh became part of Russia. Mehdigulu Khan, who ruled after Ibragim Khan, was not interested in the development of a stud farm. As a result the number of horses decreases. In 1822, Mehdigulu Khan fled to Persia, and his best horses were presented as gifts for those close to him. Unlike Mehdigulu Khan, his daughter Khurshidbanu Natavan is actively digested in the development of a stud farm. Karabakh horse Natavan took part in the Universelle Exhibition (1867), an agricultural exhibition in Moscow (1869), in Tbilisi (1882) and was awarded a gold medal and a certificate of honor. Horse karabakh was also given at the All-Russian Second Exhibition in 1869: Meymun - silo medal, Tokmak - bronze medal. At Exposition Universelle (1867) in Paris, Khan got a silver medal.
According to modern Azerbaijani sources, not only are the daughters of Khan, but also the many Karabakh bays owned by stud farms. Among them are Ugurlu Bay, Jafargulu Khan, Rustam Bay Behbudov, Keram-aga Javanshir, Shamil bay and others. Overall in the midlle of the XIX century, there are 11 male ranches, with 250 horses and 1450 fillies.
Karabakh horses are used by Russian officers serving in the Caucasus. The Russian poet Aleksandr Pushkin, who traveled to Arzurum in 1829, wrote in his travel note that young Russian officers were riding the Azerbaijani horses. On May 21, 1843, the Shusha emblem was approved and the Karabkh horse was depicted on it.
During the years of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Today, Karabakh horse breeds on two male farms: in the village of Lambaran in Barda and in Agstafa. Private plantation breeders are in line with the state entreprises. Due to the Karabakh war, the number of horses decreased significantly. This happens because horses are often moved from one place to another and the pregnant person experiences misbith. In addition, the horses reproduce in unsatisfactory conditions.
During the last years, Azerbaijan Ministry of Agriculture paid special attention to the development of horse breeding. The export of Karabakh's horse is forbidden. According to Xandan Rajabli, associate director of Azbreeding, there are about 20 male farms in Azerbaijan, which care for 200 Karabkh horses.
In 2013, Chovqan, the traditional Karabkh horse riding game in the Azerbaijan Republic is mentioned in the UNESCO Unique Cultural Heritage List.
On February 13, 2017, the Committee on Islamic Solidarity Game Organizations introduced the mascot: Karabakh Inca horse, which represents beauty and tenderness and Casur, which stands out with confidence and love of freedom.
In popular culture
The Karabakh horse is the national animal of Azerbaijan and the official symbol of the districts of Agdam and Shaki. Horses, which have great cultural importance to the people of Azerbaijan, appear in literature and stamps. Qaraba? The FK logo contains two maintenance horses.
According to Kurban Said's Ali and Nino's novel, "I saw the horse and numb. There stood the golden golden marvel of Karabakh... one of the twelve golden horses around the world..." Karabakh is depicted in the poem Mikhail Lermontov, "Satan".
In 2012, this breed appears at the Royal Windsor Horse Show to appear in Diamond Jubilee Elizabeth II. A monument to Karabakh's horse was inaugurated in Belgium in March 2017, and Karabakh is the mascot of the Solidarity of Islam 2017.
See also
- Nagorno-Karabakh
- Horse Azerbaijan
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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