James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837 - August 2, 1876), better known as " Wild Bill " Hickok , is a known Old American West folk hero because his work crossed the border as a drover, wagon master, soldier, spy, scout, lawman, shooter, gambler, showman, and actor. He earned a lot of fame in his own time, largely supported by the many bizarre and often artificial stories he told about his life. Some contemporary accounts of his exploits are known to be fictitious, but they remain the basis of much of his fame and reputation, along with his own story.
Hickok was born and raised on a ranch in northern Illinois at a time when violations of law and vigilante activities were rampant because of the influence of "Banditti of the Prairie". Hickok was interested in this ruffian lifestyle and headed west at the age of 18 as a fugitive from justice, working as a chariot driver and then as a lawyer in the border areas of Kansas and Nebraska. He fought and spied for the Union Army during the American Civil War and gained publicity after the war as a scout, sniper, actor, and professional gambler. During his life, he was involved in several famous firing shoots.
In 1876, Hickok was shot from behind and killed while playing poker in a sedan in Deadwood, Dakota Region (now South Dakota) by Jack McCall, a unsuccessful gambler. The hand of the card he was supposed to hold at his death had been known as the dead man's hand: two pairs, ace and eight.
Hickok remains a popular figure in the history of the border. Many historical sites and monuments commemorate his life, and he has been depicted several times in literature, film, and television. He is primarily portrayed as a protagonist, although the historical record of his actions is often controversial and most of his career is exaggerated by himself and various myths. While Hickok claims to have killed many unnamed and unnamed gunmen in his lifetime, according to Joseph Rosa, Hickok biographer and prominent authority in the Wild Bill, Hickok killed only six or seven people in a firefight.
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James Butler Hickok was born May 27, 1837, in Homer, Illinois (now Troy Grove, Illinois) to William Alonzo Hickok, a peasant and abolitionist, and his wife Polly Butler. His father is said to have used a family home, now destroyed, as a station on the Underground Railroad.
Hickock is the fourth of six children. Among them, William Hickok died in 1852, when his father, James, was 15 years old.
Hickok is a good shot from a young age and is recognized locally as a superb sniper with a pistol.
Hickok's photographs appear to depict dark hair, but all contemporary descriptions confirm that it is red. (The color of reddish hair looks black in the early photography process due to their sensitivity, especially blue light.)
In 1855, at the age of 18, James Hickok fled Illinois after a quarrel with Charles Hudson, where both fell into a canal (each thinking, mistakenly, that he had killed another). Hickok moved to Leavenworth in the Kansas Territory, where he joined the "General" Free Army of Jim Lane (also known as Jayhawkers), an active vigilante group in the new territory. While Jayhawker, he met 12-year-old William Cody (later known as Buffalo Bill), who despite his youth functioning as a scout only two years later for the US Army during the Utah War.
Nickname
While in Nebraska, James Hickok is thoughtfully referred to as "Duck Duck" because of his long nose and prominent lips. He grew a mustache after the McCanles incident and in 1861 began calling himself Wild Bill. He was also known before 1861 by Jayhawkers as "Shanghai Bill" because of his tall and slender body.
Hickok uses the name of his deceased brother, William Hickok, from 1858 and the name of William Haycock during the Civil War. Most newspapers referred to him as William Haycock until 1869. He was arrested while using the name Haycock in 1865. He then proceeded to use the given name, James Hickok. Military records after 1865 list him as Hickok but note that he is also known as Haycock.
Maps Wild Bill Hickok
Initial career
Being beaten by a bear
In 1857, Hickok claimed a 160-acre (65 ha) channel in Johnson County, Kansas (near current Lenexa). On March 22, 1858, he was selected as one of the first four policemen in Monticello Township. In 1859, he joined Russell, Waddell & amp; Goods delivery company, parent company of Pony Express.
In 1860, he was badly wounded by a bear while riding a freight forwarding team from Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico. According to Hickok's account, he found his way blocked by a cinnamon bear and his two children. Down, he approached the bear and fired a shot into his head, but the bullet bounced off his skull, angering him. The bear attacked, destroying Hickok with his body. Hickok managed to fire another shot, injuring the bear's foot. The bear then grabs his arm in his mouth, but Hickok is able to grab his knife and slash his neck, killing him.
Hickok was badly injured, with his chest, shoulders, and arms crushed. She was lying in bed for four months before being sent to Rock Creek Station in the Nebraska Territory to work as a stable hand while she recovered. The cargo company built a train stop along the Oregon Trail near Fairbury, Nebraska, on land purchased from David McCanles.
McCanles Shot
On July 12, 1861, David McCanles went to the Rock Creek Station office to demand a delayed property payment from Horace Wellman, the station manager. McCanles reportedly threatened Wellman, and either Hickok (who was hiding behind the curtain) or Wellman killed him. Hickok, Wellman, and other employees, J.W. Brink, on trial for killing McCanles but is known to have acted in self-defense. McCanles was probably the first person Hickok killed. Hickok then visits the McCanles widow, apologizes for the murder, and offers $ 35 in the form of restitution, all the money he had at the time.
Civil Service
After the Civil War broke out in April 1861, James Hickok became a soldier for the Union Army in Sedalia, Missouri. By the end of 1861, he was a wagonmaster, but in September 1862 he was dismissed for an unknown reason. He later joins Kansas Brigade General James Henry Lane and, while serving with the brigade, sees his Buffalo friend Bill Cody, who serves as a lookout. There is no record of Hickok's presence for next year, though at least one source claims that he was a Union spy in the Confederate region during this time.
In late 1863 he worked for provost marshal in southwest Missouri as a Springfield detective police officer. His work included identifying and counting uniformed troop numbers while on duty, verifying hotel liquor licenses, and tracking people who owed money to the cash-strapped Union Army.
In 1864, Hickok was not paid for some time and was employed as a scout by General John B. Sanborn. In June 1865, Hickok got together and went to Springfield, where he gambled. 1883 The history of Greene County, Missouri describes him as "essentially a bastard... a drunk, arrogant, happy man who 'spends' to scare off nervous people and cowardly woman. "
Lawman and scout
Duel with Davis Tutt
While in Springfield, Hickok and a local gambler named Davis Tutt have some disagreement over their unpaid gambling debt and mutual affection for the same woman. Hickok lost a golden hour for Tutt in a poker game. The watch had great sentimental value for Hickok and he asked Tutt not to wear it in public. They initially agreed not to fight for hours, but when Hickok saw Tutt wearing it, he warned her to stay away. On July 21, 1865, the two men faced each other in the town square of Springfield, standing sideways before drawing and firing their weapons. Their fast duel was recorded as the first of its kind. Tutt's shot missed, but Hickok hit Tutt through the heart from 75 yards (69 m). Tutt exclaimed, "Boy, I got killed" before he fainted and died.
Two days later, Hickok was arrested for murder. The charge was later reduced to ordinary murder. He was released on bail of $ 2,000 and tried on August 3, 1865. At the end of the trial, Judge Sempronius H. Boyd told the jury that they could not find Hickok acting defensively if he could avoid the fight. However, if they feel the threat of danger is real and will happen soon, he instructs them to apply the unwritten law of "fair fight" and liberate. The jury chose to remove Hickok, resulting in public reactions and criticism of the verdict.
A few weeks later, an interview that Hickok gave to Colonel George Ward Nichols, a journalist known as the creator of Hickok legend, was published in Harper's New Monthly Magazine. Under the name "Wild Bill Hitchcock" [ sic ], the article tells the "hundreds" of people who personally kill Hickok and other over-exploits. The article is controversial wherever Hickok is known, and some border newspapers write battles.
US marshal's deputy in Kansas
In September 1865, Hickok was second in the election for marshal town of Springfield. Leaving Springfield, he was recommended for the position of federal marshal deputy in Fort Riley, Kansas. This was during the Indian war, where Hickok sometimes served as a reconnaissance for the 7th Cavalry General George A. Custer.
In 1865, Hickok recruited six Indians to accompany him to Niagara Falls, where he wore an outdoor demonstration called the "Hunting Buffalo Daring from the Highlands." Because the show was outdoors, he could not force people to pay, and the business was financially unsuccessful.
Murder of Native Americans
Hickok is reported by some as an "unusual Indian haters", perhaps to enhance his reputation as a scout and Indian fighter, but it is difficult to separate fact from fiction considering the recruitment of Native Americans to cross the nation in order to appear in his own Wild West show. Witnesses confirmed that while working as a scout at Fort Harker, Kansas, on May 11, 1867, he was attacked by a large group of Indians, who fled after he shot and killed two people. In July, Hickok told a newspaper reporter that he had led several soldiers in pursuit of an Indian who had killed four people near the fort on July 2. He reported back with five prisoners after killing ten people. Witnesses confirm that the story is true about the extent to which the party has decided to find anyone who has killed the four men, but the group returns to the castle "without any Indian dead, [never] even seeing a living person".
Shootout in Nebraska
In 1867, Hickok was reportedly involved in a dispute with a drunk cowboy in a sedan in Jefferson County, Nebraska. One of them pushed her, causing her to drop her drink. Hickok hit the man, and four of his friends climbed with guns drawn. Hickok persuades people to step outside where he faces all four on 15 steps, or about 40 feet (12 m). The bartender counts down and Hickok kills three people with a bullet to the head and injures the fourth with a shot through the cheekbone. Hickok wounded on the shoulder.
Later that year, he moved to Kansas, where he ran for sheriff in Ellsworth County on November 5, 1867. He was defeated by a former soldier, E.W. Kingsbury.
Move to Hays, Kansas
In December 1867, the newspaper reported that Hickok came to live in Hays City, Kansas. He became deputy marshal of the US, and on March 28, 1868, he took eleven Union Army deserters accused of stealing government property. Hickok was assigned to bring people to Topeka to court, and he requested a military escort from Fort Hays. He was assigned William F. Cody, a sergeant, and five soldiers. They arrived at Topeka on April 2nd. Hickok remained in Hays until August 1868, when he brought 200 Cheyenne Indians to Hays for a "cruise" look.
Working as a reconnaissance
On September 1, Hickok was in Lincoln County, Kansas, where he was employed as a reconnaissance by the 10th Cavalry Regiment, a separate African-American unit. On September 4, Hickok was injured in the legs while rescuing several ranchers in the Bijou River Valley, surrounded by Indians. The 10th regiment arrived at Fort Lyon in Colorado in October and remained there for the remainder of 1868.
Marshal Hays, Kansas
In July 1869, Hickok returned to Hays and was selected as the marshal of Hays city and sheriff of Ellis County, Kansas, in a special election held on August 23, 1869. Three sheriffs had stopped for the previous 18 months. Hickok may have acted sheriff before he was elected; a newspaper reported that he arrested the perpetrator on August 18, and the commander of Fort Hays wrote a letter to his assistant adjutant on August 21 in which he praised Hickok for his work in capturing defectors.
Regular regional elections were held on 2 November 1869, and Hickok, who runs independently, lost to his deputy, Peter Lanihan, ran for Democrat, but Hickok and Lanihan remained sheriffs and deputies, respectively. Hickok accused J.V. Macintosh of irregularities and offenses during the election. On December 9, Hickok and Lanihan served legal documents on the Macintosh, and the local newspaper acknowledged that Hickok had the Hays City guardianship.
Murder as sheriff
In September 1869, his first month as sheriff, Hickok killed two people. The first was Bill Mulvey, who went berserk in the city, got drunk, shot out the mirror and the whiskey bottle behind the bars. Locals warn Mulvey to behave, because Hickok is a sheriff. Mulvey angrily states that he came to town to kill Hickok. When he saw Hickok, he aimed his gun at him. Hickok waved his hand past Mulvey in a few spectators and shouted, "Do not shoot him in the back, he's drunk." Mulvey turns his horse to face those who might shoot him from behind, and before he realizes he's been fooled, Hickok shoots him through the temple.
The second one killed by Hickok was Samuel Strawhun, a cowboy, who caused the interruption at 1 am in a saloon on September 27 when Hickok and Lanihan went to the scene. Strawhun "made a comment on Hickok," and Hickok killed him with a shot on the head. Hickok says he has "tried to restore order". At the coroner's examination into Strawhun's death, despite the "strongly contradictory" evidence from witnesses, the jury found the shooting was justified.
On July 17, 1870, Hickok was attacked by two troops from the 7th US Cavalry, Jeremiah Lonergan and John Kyle (sometimes called Kile), in a sedan. Lonergan clamped Hickok to the ground, and Kyle put his gun in Hickok's ear. When Kyle's guns were shot, Hickok shot Lonergan, injured him on the knee, and shot Kyle twice, killing him. Hickok is not re-elected to the office.
Marshal Abilene, Kansas
On April 15, 1871, Hickok became a marshal from Abilene, Kansas. He replaced Tom's "Bear River" Smith, who was killed on November 2, 1870.
The criminals John Wesley Hardin arrived at Abilene at the end of a cattle trip in early 1871. Hardin is a famous gunner and is known to have killed more than 27 people. In his autobiography of 1895, published after his death, Hardin claimed to have been friends with Hickok, the marshal of the newly elected city, after he paralyzed the marshal using spin road agents. However, Hardin is known to exaggerate. After all, Hardin seems to think very much about Hickok.
Hickok then says he does not know that "Wesley Clemmons" is a Hardin alias and that he is a wanted fugitive. He told Clemmons (Hardin) to avoid problems in Abilene and asked him to surrender his weapon, and Hardin obeyed him. Hardin claims that when his cousin, Mannen Clements, was jailed for killing two cowhands, he persuaded Hickok to organize his escape.
In August 1871, "Wild Bill" Hickok attempted to arrest Hardin for killing Charles Couger at an Abilene hotel "for snoring too loudly". Hardin left Kansas before Hickok could catch him.
Shootout with Phil Coe
Hickok and Phil Coe, owners of sedans and acquaintances from Hardin, have a dispute that resulted in a shoot-out. The Bull's Head Saloon in Abilene has been founded by gamblers Ben Thompson and Coe, his associates, entrepreneurs and fellow gamblers. Both entrepreneurs have painted a picture of a bull with a large penis erect on the side of their establishment as an advertisement. The townspeople complained to Hickok, who requested that Thompson and Coe remove the bull. They refused, so Hickok changed it himself. Angry, Thompson attempted to incite John Wesley Hardin to kill Hickok, by calling out to Hardin that "He was an unlucky Yankee, a choice on the rebels, especially the Texans, to kill." Hardin is in the city under his pseudonym Wesley Clemmons but better known by the townspeople by the alias Little Arkansas. He seemed to respect Hickok's ability and replied, "If Bill needs to kill, why do not you kill him yourself?" Hoping to intimidate Hickok, Coe allegedly stated that he could "kill the crows on the wings". Hickok's response is one of the best-known (perhaps apocryphal) Western utterances: "Does the crow have a gun? Is he shooting back? I'll do it."
On October 5, 1871, Hickok stood in the crowd during a street fight when Coe released two shots. Hickok orders him to be arrested for firing a gun inside the city limits. Coe claims that he shot a stray dog, and then suddenly turned his gun to Hickok, who fired first and killed Coe. Hickok caught a glimpse of someone running towards him and quickly fired two more shots in reaction, accidentally shot and killed Abilene Special Deputy Marshal Mike Williams, who came to his aid. This incident haunted Hickok for the rest of his life. There are other reports about the Coe shoot: Theophilus Little, the mayor of Abilene and the owner of the wooden yard of the city, took his time in Abilene by writing in a notebook that was finally given to the Abilene Historical Society. Writing in 1911, he detailed his admiration for Hickok and included a paragraph about the shooting which was very different from the reported account:
"Phil" Coe comes from Texas, runs the "Head Bull" a bar and gambling place, selling whiskey and men's souls. As a vile character as I have met for some of the causes Wild Bill issued Coe hatred and he vowed to secure the death of the marshal. Not having the courage to do it alone, one day he filled about 200 cowboys with whiskey who intend to make them in trouble with Wild Bill, hoping they will shoot and at close range shoot the marshal. But Coe "counts without his host". Wild Bill already knew the scheme and cornered Coe, his two pistols drawn in Coe. Just as he pulls the trigger, one of the policemen rushes in the corner between Coe and the gun and both balls enter his body, killing him instantly. In an instant, he pulled the trigger again to send two bullets to Coe's stomach (Coe lived one or two days) and spun with his two guns drawn in a drunken cowboy crowd, "and now there are those of you who want the rest. spoken word.
Hickok was released from his duties as a marshal less than two months after accidentally killing Vice Williams, this incident was only one of a series of questionable shootings and fault claims.
Next life
In 1873, Buffalo Bill Cody and Texas Jack Omohundro invited Hickok to join their entourage after their previous success. Hickok does not enjoy acting, and often hides behind scenes. In one show he shot the spotlight while focusing on him. He was released from the group after a few months.
In 1876, Hickok was diagnosed by doctors in Kansas City, Missouri, with glaucoma and ophthalmia. Despite his age of 39, his shooting skills and health have declined, and he has been arrested several times for vandals, despite earning a good income from gambling and performing performances only a few years earlier.
Wedding
Martha Jane Cannary, popularly known as Calamity Jane, claimed in her autobiography that she married Hickok and had divorced her so that she could be free to marry Agnes Lake, but no records were found to support her account. The two may meet for the first time after Jane is released from the guard post at Fort Laramie and join the train wagon where Hickok is traveling. The wagon train arrived in Deadwood in July 1876. Jane confirmed this account in a newspaper interview in 1896, though she claimed that she had been hospitalized for illness rather than at the guardhouse.
On March 5, 1876, Hickok married Agnes Thatcher Lake, the 50-year-old circus owner in Cheyenne, Wyoming Region. Hickok leaves his new bride a few months later, joining Charlie Utter's wagon train to find his fortune in the South Dakota goldfield.
Shortly before Hickok's death, he wrote a letter to his new wife, who partly said, "Agnes Darling, if that should not ever meet again, while firing my last shot I will gently inhale my wife's name - Agnes - and with hope even for my enemy, I will jump and try to swim to another beach. "
Death
On August 1st, 1876, Hickok played poker at Nuttal & amp; Mann's Saloon in Deadwood, Dakota Region. When a chair is open on the table, a drunken man named Jack McCall sits down to play. McCall is very lost. Hickok encourages McCall to get out of the game until he can cover his losses and offer to give him money for breakfast. Although McCall received the money, he was apparently insulted.
The next day, Hickok plays poker again. He usually sits with his back to the wall so he can see the entrance, but the only seat available when he joins the game is the seat facing away from the door. He twice asks another man at the desk, Charles Rich, to replace the chair with him, but Rich refuses.
McCall enters the saloon, walks behind Hickok, draws his Model 185 Single Action Army Colt.45 caliber revolver, and shouts, "Damn you! Take that!" He shot Hickok behind his head at close range. Hickok died instantly. The bullet appeared through Hickok's right cheek and attacked another player, captain of the ship Captain William Massie, on the left wrist. Hickok may have told his friend Charlie Utter and others who were traveling with them that he thought he would be killed while in Deadwood.
Two Jack McCall experiments
McCall's motive for killing Hickok was the subject of speculation, mostly involving McCall's anger at Hickok who had given him money for breakfast the day before, after McCall lost much.
McCall was called ahead of an informal "miners' jury" (local ad hoc group of miners and businessmen). McCall claimed he had avenged Hickok's previous killing of his brother, which may be true. (A man named Lew McCall was killed by an unknown lawyer in Abilene, Kansas, but it is not known whether the two McCalls were linked.) McCall was released from the murder, prompting an editorial on the Black Hills Pioneer: it's our misfortune to kill somebody... we'll just ask that our trial be done in some mining camps in these hills. " Calamity Jane was famous for leading the mob who threatened McCall with the death penalty without punishment, but at the time of Hickok's death, Jane was arrested by the military.
After boasting about killing Hickok, McCall was again arrested. The second trial was not considered a double danger due to an irregular jury in the first trial and because Deadwood was in an Indian state. A new trial was held in Yankton, the capital of the Dakota Region. Hickok's brother, Lorenzo Butler, traveled from Illinois to attend a retrial. McCall was found guilty and sentenced to death.
Leander Richardson, a journalist, interviewed McCall shortly before his execution and wrote an article about him for the April 1877 edition of Scribner's Monthly. Butler talked to McCall after the trial and said McCall did not show remorse.
As I write the closing lines of this short sketch, the word reaches me that the killer Wild Bill has been reinstated by US authorities, and after the trial has been sentenced to death for intentional murder. He is now in Yankton, D.T. waiting for execution. In the second trial it is suggested that [McCall] be employed to do his work by gamblers who fear a time when better citizens should appoint Bill as a judge of law and order - a post he previously supported in the Kansas border life, with credit for his manhood and his courage.
Jack McCall was hanged on March 1, 1877 and buried at the Roman Catholic cemetery. The cemetery was moved in 1881, and when McCall's body was dug, it was found still around his neck.
The hands of the dead
Hickok was playing five stud cards when he was shot. He held two pairs: black and eight blacks as his "ride card". The identity of the fifth card (the "hole card") is the subject of debate.
Funeral
Charlie Utter, Hickok's friend and associate, claimed Hickok's body and placed a notice in the local newspaper, Black Hills Pioneer , which reads:
Died in Deadwood, Black Hills, August 2, 1876, from the gunshot effect, J. B. Hickock [ sic ] (Wild Bill) previously from Cheyenne, Wyoming. The funeral service will be held at Charlie Utter's Camp, on Thursday afternoon, August 3, 1876, at 3 pm M. M. All are invited with respect to attend.
Almost the entire town attended the funeral, and Utter told Hickok to bury him with a wooden marker that read:
Wild Bill, J. B. Hickock [ sic ] was murdered by Jack McCall's killer in Deadwood, Black Hills, August 2, 1876. Pard, we will meet again in the happy hunt for not parting again. Goodbye, Colorado Charlie, C. H. Utter.
Hickok is known to have shot six people and is suspected of having killed the seventh (McCanles). Despite his reputation, Hickok is buried in Ingelside Cemetery, Deadwood's original grave. The grave was filled quickly, and in 1879, on the third anniversary of the original burial, Utter paid to move the remnants of Hickok to the new Mount Moriah Cemetery. Utter watched the move and noted that, although perfectly preserved, Hickok had been perfectly embalmed. As a result, calcium carbonate from adjacent soil has replaced the meat, which causes petrification. One of the workers, Joseph McLintock, wrote a detailed explanation of re-dialing. McLintock uses a stick to tap his body, face, and head, not finding soft tissue anywhere. He noted that the sound was similar to pressing a brick wall, and believed the remnants weighed more than 400 pounds (180 kg). William Austin, the burial guard, estimates £ 500 (230 kg), which makes it hard for the men to bring the remnants to the new site. The original wooden grave marker was moved to a new site, but in 1891 it had been destroyed by a souvenir hunter pieces from it, and it was replaced with a statue. This, in turn, was destroyed by souvenir hunters and replaced in 1902 by a sandstone sculpture the size of Hickok. It was also badly damaged, and then put in a cage for protection. The cage was opened by a souvenir hunter in the 1950s, and the statue was removed.
Hickok is currently buried on a three-meter-high piece of land at Mount Moriah Cemetery, surrounded by an iron fence, with a US flag flying nearby. A monument has been built there.
Famous nearby grave
It has been reported that Calamity Jane is buried beside her, in accordance with her dying wish. Four people on self-appointed committees who planned the funeral of Calamity (Albert Malter, Frank Ankeney, Jim Carson, and Anson Higby) later stated that, since Hickok was "completely useless" for Jane in this life, they decided to play. the posthumous joke on him by putting it to rest by his side. Potato Creek Johnny, a local Deadwood celebrity from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, was also buried next to Wild Bill.
The gun is known to have been brought by Hickok
Hickok's favorite rifle is a pair of revolver cap-and-ball Colt 1851 Navy Model (.36 caliber). They have ivory and nickel plating grips and are carved with "J.B. Hickok-1869" on the backstrap. He wears his butt-forward revolver on his belt or sash (when wearing city or buckskins, respectively), and rarely uses a holster per se; he drew a pistol using a "reverse", "twist" or cavalry draw, just like a cavalry.
At the time of his death, Hickok wore Smith & amp; Wesson Model 2 Army Revolver, newly released five shots, one action 38 cal. weapons. The Bonhams auction company offers this pistol at auction on November 18, 2013, in San Francisco, California, described as Hickok's Smith & amp; Wesson No. 2, serial number 29963, rimfire.32 with six-inch barrel, blued finish, and lacquered rosewood grip. The weapon did not sell because the highest bid was $ 220,000 less than the reserves set by the gun owners.
In popular culture
Hickok remains one of the most popular and iconic figures of Old Western America and is still often depicted in popular culture, including literature, film, and television.
Movies
The Western Movie Theatrical Paramount Pictures Wild Bill Hickok (released on November 18, 1923) directed by Clifford Smith and starring William S. Hart as Hickok. Movie prints are preserved in the archive of the film Museum of Modern Art.
The Plainsman movie (1936), starring Gary Cooper as Wild Bill Hickok, shows the relationship between Buffalo Bill and Calamity Jane as the plot. This is a loose adaptation of the life of J. B. Hickok which ends with the famous ace and eights.
A very fictitious movie story from years later Hickok's death, titled Wild Bill (released on December 18, 1995), starring Jeff Bridges as James Butler's "Wild Bill" Hickok and David Arquette as Jack McCall , and written and directed by Walter Hill. The film received mixed reviews, and currently holds a 5.9 rating on the Internet Movie Database and ranked 41% in Rotten Tomatoes.
The semi-fictional version of Hickok's time as Marshal of Abilene Kansas, titled Hickok (released on July 7, 2017), starring Luke Hemsworth as James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok, Trace Adkins as Bulls Head saloonkeeper Phil Coe , Krisdayanti as Abilene Mayor George Knox, and Kaiwi Lyman-Mersereau as John Wesley Hardin. It was written by Michael Lanahan and directed by Timothy Woodward Jr.
Memorial and honorable difference
Hickok's birthplace is now the Wild Bill Hickok Memorial and is a historic site listed under the supervision of the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. Deadwood City, South Dakota inaugurated the Hickok killing and McCall's arrest every summer night.
In 1979, Hickok was inducted into the Poker Hall of Fame.
Television
In episode 1-4 of the dramatic HBO television series Deadwood , aired from 2004 to 2006, Hickok is shown arriving in Deadwood with Charlie Utter and Calamity Jane, with Deadwood camp residents who are aware of Hickok's celebrity status as a gunfighter and lawman. This series shows Hickok as a disgruntled gambler who was eventually killed while playing poker and then buried in Deadwood's funeral.
References
References
Bibliography
- Bird, Roy (1979). "Custer-Hickok shot in Hays Town." Real West , May 1979.
- Buel, James Wilson (1881). Heroes from the Plains, or the Wild Life and Adventure and Adventures of Wild Bill, Buffalo Bill, and other Commemorative Indian Warriors . St. Louis: Historical Publishing.
- DeMattos, Jack (1980). "Gunfighters of the Real West: Wild Bill Hickok." Real West , June 1980.
- Hermon, Gregory (1987). "Wild Bill's Sweetheart: The Life of Mary Jane Owens." Real West , February 1987.
- Matheson, Richard (1996). The Memoir of Wild Bill Hickok . Jove. ISBN: 0-515-11780-3.
- Nichols, George Ward (1867). "Wild Bill." Harper's New Monthly Magazine , February 1867.
- O'Connor, Richard (1959). Wild Bill Hickok . Garden City, New York: Doubleday.
- Rosa, Joseph G. (1964, 1974). They call him Wild Bill: The Life and Adventure of James Butler Hickok . Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBNÃ, 0-8061-1538-6.
- Rosa, Joseph G. (1977). "George Ward Nichols and Wild Legend Bill Hickok." Arizona and the West , Summer 1977.
- Rosa, Joseph G. (1979). "J.B. Hickok, US Deputy Marshal." Kansas History: A Journal of Central Plains , Winter 1979.
- Rosa, Joseph G. (1982, 1994). West Wild Bill Hickok . Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBNÃ, 0-8061-2680-9.
- Rosa, Joseph G. (1982). "Wild Bill and the Timber Thieves." Real West , April 1982.
- Rosa, Joseph G. (1984). "The Girl and the Gunfighter: New Photos Found from Wild Bill Hickok." Real West , December 1984.
- Rosa, Joseph G. (1996). Wild Bill Hickok: Man and Myth . Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. ISBNÃ, 0-7006-0773-0.
- Rosa, Joseph G. (2003). Wild Bill Hickok Gunfighter: Account of Hickok's Gunfights . Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBNÃ, 0-8061-3535-2.
- Turner, Thadd M. Wild Bill Hickok: Deadwood City - End of Trail . Universal Publishers, 2001. ISBNÃ, 1-58112-689-1
- Wilstach, Frank Jenners (1926). Wild Bill Hickok: The Prince of Pistoleers . Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Page.
External links
- Wild Bill Hickok Collection at Nebraska State Historical Society
- James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok in the Search of the Mausoleum
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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