The heyoka (hey) is also spelled "haokah," "heyokha") is a kind of holy clown in the Lakota culture of people from the Plains Great North America. The heyoka is a combatant, jester, and satirist, who speaks, moves and reacts in a way contrary to those around them. Only those who have the vision of thunder creatures from the west, WakÃÆ'? Yes ?, and acknowledged by the community, can take the ceremonial role of heoka.
Lakota's treatment man, Black Elk, describes himself as a heyoka, who says he has been visited since childhood by a thunder creature. (Thunderbirds).
Video Heyoka
Social roles
The HeyÃÆ'³k? A is considered to be backward, reverse, or contradictory. It manifests by doing things backwards or unconventional - horseback riding, wearing outer underwear, or speaking in an inverse language. For example, if food is rare, a heyÃÆ'³k? A may sit around and complain about how full he is; during baking heat waves, heyÃÆ'³k? a may be shivering cold and wearing gloves and covering himself with a thick blanket. Similarly, when it's cold it may be wandering naked, complaining that it's too hot. Unique example is the famous heyÃÆ'³k? A holy clown called "the Straighten-Outer":
He always runs around with a hammer trying to flatten round and curved objects (soup bowls, eggs, wheel carts, etc.), making it straight.
The heyÃÆ'³k? A symbolizes and describes many aspects of the holy being, WakÄ? Yes? Satirnya presents an important question by playing games. They ask difficult questions, and say things that are too scared to say by others. Their behavior raises questions as does the Zen koan. By reading between the lines, the audience can think about things that are usually unthinkable, or see things in different ways.
In principle, the function of heyÃÆ'³k? A serves as a mirror and teacher, uses extreme behavior to reflect others, and forces them to check their own doubts, fears, hatred, and weaknesses. HeyÃÆ'³k? a have the power to heal emotional pain; Such power comes from embarrassment - they sing embarrassing events in their lives, ask for food, and live as clowns. They provoke laughter in a desperate situation of despair, and provoke fear and chaos when people are satisfied and too safe, so they do not take themselves too seriously.
In addition, sacred clowns serve an important role in shaping the tribal code. Unbound by social barriers, heyÃÆ'³k? A able to break the cultural taboos freely and thus criticize existing habits. Paradoxically, however, by violating these norms and taboos, they help define accepted boundaries, rules, and societal guidelines for ethical and moral conduct. Only those who can ask "Why?" about sensitive topics; they use satire to question specialists and carriers of sacred knowledge or those who have positions of power and authority.
For the poor like us, who lose everything, who has to endure so much death and sadness, laughter is a precious gift. When we are dying like flies from white man's disease, when we are pushed into the reservation, when the government rations do not come and we are starving, watch the pranks and capers of HeyÃÆ'³k? A is [ sic ] a blessing.
Maps Heyoka
Vision of the thunder
Only those who have the vision of thunder creatures in the west can act as heokas. They have a holy power and they share this with everyone, but they do it through humorous acts. When a vision comes from a thunder creature in the West, it comes with a terror like a thunder storm; but when the storm of vision has passed, the world becomes greener and happier; because wherever the truth of vision comes to the world, it is like rain. The world, you see, is happier after a storm terror.
In Lakota mythology, HeyÃÆ'³k? A is also a spirit of thunder and lightning. He is said to use the wind as a stick to beat the drums of thunder. His emotions are illustrated contrary to the norm; she laughs when she is sad and crying when she is happy, the cold makes her sweaty and the heat makes her shiver. In art, he is depicted as having two horns, which signifies him as a hunting spirit.
References in popular culture
In the 2011 reboot of Mortal Kombat video game, Nightwolf refers to the god of thunder Raiden as Heyoka in Chapter 15 of the story mode.
In 2013, the Half Acre beer factory in Chicago, Illinois released what they call Heyoka IPA, which became one of their signature beers. He won a silver medal at the Great American Beer Festival in October 2014. Members of the American Indian Movement and other Native American activists complained, arguing that naming the holy character in Lakota spirituality to beer was a cultural snatch. Half Acre changed the name of their beer Senita (probably after the Senita cactus was found in Southwest America depicted on the former can of Heyoka beer).
See also
- Avadhuta
- Clown community
- Contrary (social role)
- Religious madness
- Folly for Christ
- Little (tarot cards)
- Trickster
References
Bibliography
- Wilson D. Wallis. Heyoka: Rites of Reversal. Lakota Books, 1996 reprints.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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