The Toyota GR engine family is an open-deck, V6 piston engine series. The GR series has a 60° die-cast aluminum block and aluminum DOHC cylinder heads. This engine series also features 4 valves per cylinder, forged steel connecting rods, one-piece cast camshafts, and a cast aluminum lower intake manifold. Some variants use multi-port fuel injection, some have D4 direct injection, and others have a combination of direct injection and multi-port fuel injection or D4-S.
The GR series replaces the previous MZ V6 and JZ inline-6, and in the case of light trucks the VZ V6.
Note: Power ratings have changed due to SAE measurement changes for 2006 model year vehicles. Toyota rates engines on 87 pump octane, Lexus rates engines on 91 pump octane.
Video Toyota GR engine
1GR
1GR-FE
The 1GR-FE is the 4.0 L (3956 cc) version, designed for longitudinal mounting in RWD and 4WD pickup applications. It has a 94 mm bore and a stroke of 95 mm. Output is 236 hp (176 kW) at 5200 rpm with 266 lb?ft (361 N?m) of torque at 4000 rpm on 87 octane, and 240 hp (179 kW) at 5200 rpm with 278 lb?ft (377 N?m) at 3700 rpm on 91 octane. This engine features Toyota's VVT-i, variable valve timing system on the intake cam and a compression ratio of 10.0:1. Service weight, including fluids, is 166 kg (366 lb).
An updated version of this engine features Dual VVT-i, increasing output to 270 hp (201 kW) at 5600 rpm and 278 lb?ft (377 N?m) at 4400 rpm on 87 octane and 285 hp (213 kW) and 289 lb?ft (392 N?m) on 91 octane. Inside, the 1GR uses a "taper-squish" combustion chamber design with matching pistons to improve anti-knocking and engine performance, while also improving intake and fuel efficiency. Toyota adopted a siamese-type intake port, which reduces the surface area of the port walls and prevents fuel from adhering to such walls. This engine has special cast-iron cylinder liners cast into the block, which are a spiny type to improve adhesion between the liner and cylinder block. With these special thin liners it is impossible to bore the block. In the event of cylinder wall damage (scoring, deep protrusions, etc.), the entire cylinder block must be replaced. For increased block rigidity, the 1GR also receives a high temperature plastic insulator/protector, which fills the empty space between the outer portion of the cylinders and block material common to open deck engines. For increased cooling efficiency, the 1GR employs water passages between the bores of the engine. There are two such passages for each bank for a total of four. This reduces cylinder hot-spotting and keeps combustion chamber temperatures more uniform.
A bolt-on TRD supercharger kit was available on the Tacoma and FJ Cruiser but has been discontinued by Toyota.
The new 2015 Toyota HiLux receives a slightly different version of the single VVT-i engine, with the only change being a removal of an air intake baffle tank being replaced by a conventional air filter housing to intake pipe to surge tank style. The new intake pipe now contains resonators. Power output is unchanged.
Applications with VVT-i (calendar years):
- 2002-2009 Toyota 4Runner / Hilux Surf (GRN210/215)
- 2007-2011 Toyota Land Cruiser (GRJ200)
- 2002-2009 Toyota Land Cruiser Prado (GRJ120/121/125)
- 2009-present Toyota Land Cruiser Prado (GRJ150/150R/155)
- 2004-2015 Toyota Tacoma (GRN225/245/250/265/270)
- 2005-2015 Toyota Hilux (GGN10/20)
- 2005-2006 Toyota Tundra (GSK30)
- 2006-2009 Toyota Tundra (GSK50/51)
- 2005-2015 Toyota Fortuner (GGN50/60)
- 2006-2009 Toyota FJ Cruiser (GSJ10/15)
- 2015-present Toyota Hilux
Applications with Dual VVT-i (calendar years):
- 2009-present Toyota 4Runner (GRN280/285)
- 2009-2017 Toyota FJ Cruiser
- 2010-present Toyota Tundra (GSK50/51)
- 2012-present Toyota Land Cruiser
- 2012-present Lexus GX 400 (GRJ150)
- 2014-2015 Toyota Land Cruiser 70 30th Anniversary Edition
- 2015-present Toyota Fortuner
Maps Toyota GR engine
2GR
2GR-FE
The 2GR-FE is a 3.5 L (3456 cc) version for transverse FWD, 4WD, or AWD mounting. Bore remains at 94 mm but stroke is reduced to 83 mm. Reported output varies depending on the vehicle application, but is approximately 268 hp (200 kW) to 296 hp (221 kW) at 6200 rpm with 248 lb?ft (336 N?m) to 260 lb?ft (353 N?m) of torque at 4700 rpm on 87 octane (R+M/2). This version features Toyota's Dual VVT-i, variable valve timing on both the intake and exhaust cams. The cams are driven using a timing chain.
Valves are driven by roller-follower rocker arms with low friction roller bearings, and a unique, concave cam lobe design to increase valve lift over the traditional shimless lifter type system of the 1GR-FE. This increases overall cylinder head height to accommodate the slightly taller roller rocker system. Moreover, the cylinder head is segmented into 3 parts: valve cover, camshaft sub-assembly housing, and cylinder head sub-assembly. As such, this valvetrain is used across all other GR engines with Dual VVT-i. Its service weight is 163 kg.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2004-2012 Toyota Avalon (GSX30)
- 2012-present Toyota Avalon (GSX40)
- 2006-2012 Toyota Aurion (GSV40)
- 2005-2012 Toyota RAV4/Vanguard (GSA33/38)
- 2006-present Toyota Estima/Previa/Tarago (GSR50/55)
- 2006-2011 Toyota Camry (GSV40)
- 2011-2017 Toyota Camry (GSV50)
- 2006-2012 Lexus ES 350 (GSV40)
- 2012-present Lexus ES 350 (GSV50)
- 2007-2009 Lexus RX 350/Toyota Harrier (GSU30/31/35/36)
- 2009-2015 Lexus RX 350 (GGL10/15/16)
- 2007-2016 Toyota Highlander/Kluger (GSU40/45/50/55)
- 2007-2012 Toyota Blade (GRE156)
- 2007-2013 Toyota Mark X Zio (GGA10)
- 2008-present Toyota Alphard/Vellfire (GGH20/25)
- 2008-2016 Toyota Venza (GGV10/15)
- 2009-present Lotus Evora (280ps & 350Nm using Lotus engine management, Sport Pack package redline increased to 7000rpm)
- 2006-2016 Toyota Sienna (GSL20/23/25/30/33/35)
- 2009-present Bolwell Nagari 300
- Toyota Corolla (E140/E150) (for Super GT use)
- Lotus Evora GTE (modified 4 litre version with 470 hp N/A for race use in the ALMS and at the 24 Hours of Le Mans)
Supercharged (calendar years):
- 2007-2009 TRD Aurion (TRD supercharger)
- 2009-present Bolwell Nagari 300 (Sprintex supercharger)
- 2011-16 Lotus Evora S (345 hp, 295 lb-ft)
- 2012 Lotus Exige S (345 hp, 295 lb-ft)
- 2017-present Lotus Evora 400 (400, 410, 430 hp)
- 2018 Lotus Exige Cup (430 hp)
2GR-FSE
The 2GR-FSE is a 3.5L engine used in the Lexus IS, GS 350, Mark X and Crown and incorporates Toyota's latest D-4S twin injection fuel system. This system combines direct injection (949cc/min injectors) with traditional port injection (298cc/min injectors). Direct injection lowers the tendency to knock (detonation) and increases performance by reducing the charge intake temperature. Traditionally, direct injection engines require an in-engine mechanism such as swirl ports or specific piston crown shapes to increase air turbulence in the engine. These are in place to help achieve a homogeneous air-fuel mixture inside the cylinder at low RPM and high load, but these mechanisms inhibit performance at higher engine speeds. In the 2GR-FSE, port injection is used considerably to achieve the correct mixture without having in-engine restrictions, meaning the engine achieves specific power near the top of all naturally aspirated production gasoline engines in the world (67 kW/L, 235 kW in the Mark X). Toyota also developed a new type of injector for this engine. The dual fan spray pattern of the direct injectors is perpendicular to the piston travel with wide dispersion in the cylinder, which aids air and fuel mixture and therefore increases power and efficiency. The port injectors not only help improve the power and efficiency but they also help improve emissions, especially in the first 20 seconds after start-up (when the catalytic converter is in its warm-up stage). Compression ratio is 11.8:1.
The 2GR-FSE engine is rated at 309 PS (227 kW; 305 hp) at 6,400 RPM and 38.4 kg?m (377 N?m; 278 lb?ft) at 4,800 RPM.
The engine's service weight is 174 kg.
The 2GR-FSE was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2005 Toyota Crown Athlete (GRS184, 315 PS (232 kW; 311 hp) and 38.4 kg?m (377 N?m; 278 lb?ft) at 4,800 RPM)
- 2005 Lexus GS 350 (GRS191/196)
- 2005 Lexus GS 450h (GWS191)
- 2005 Lexus IS 350 (GSE21/26)
- 2008 Toyota Crown Athlete (GRS204)
- 2008 Toyota Crown Hybrid (GWS204)
- 2009 Toyota Mark X (GRX133, 318 PS (234 kW; 314 hp) and 38.7 kg?m (380 N?m; 280 lb?ft) at 4,800 RPM)
- 2009 Lexus IS 350 C (GSE21)
- 2013-present Lexus GS 350 (GRL10/15)
- 2013-2017 Lexus IS 350 (GSE31/36)
- 2014 Lexus RC 350
- 2015 Lexus IS 300 AWD (GSE37, 255 hp (259 PS; 190 kW) and 320 N?m (33 kg?m; 236 lb?ft) at 2,000 - 4,800 RPM)
Supercharged:
- 2009 Toyota Mark X +M Supercharger (265 KW, 355 hp)
2GR-FXE
Atkinson cycle, VVT-i, uses cooled EGR system.
For the Lexus RX 450h, the compression ratio was 12.5 to 1. For the Lexus GS 450h, the compression ratio was 13.0 to 1.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2010 Lexus RX 450h, (GYL10/15/16), without D-4S (conventional multiport indirect injection) 183 kW (245 bhp)
- 2010 Toyota Highlander Hybrid, without D-4S (conventional multi-port indirect injection) 183 kW (245 bhp)
- 2012 Lexus GS 450h (GWL10), with D-4S (both multi-port indirect and direct injection) 218 kW (292 bhp)
- 2013 Toyota Crown Majesta
2GR-FKS
The 2GR-FKS combines the D-4S system from the 2GR-FSE with the simulated on-demand Atkinson cycle used in the 2UR-GSE and 8AR-FTS engines. The intake camshafts are equipped with VVT-iW and the exhaust camshafts are equipped with VVT-i. In the Tacoma the engine specifications are 207 kW (278 hp) at 6000 rpm and 359 N?m (265 lb?ft) at 4600 rpm. In the Lexus RX 350 the engine specifications are 220 kW (295 hp) at 6300 rpm and 362 N?m (267 lb?ft) at 4700 rpm respectively. In the Lexus IS350 and GS350 the engine specifications are 232 kW (311 hp) at 6600 rpm and 380 N?m (280 lb?ft) at 4800 rpm respectively.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2016-present Toyota Tacoma (GRN305/310/325/330) 214 kW (287 hp)
- 2015-present Lexus GS 350 (GRL12/16) 232 kW (311 hp)
- 2015-present Lexus RX 350 (GGL20/25) 220 kW (295 hp)
- 2017 Lexus LS 350 (XF50) 237 kW (318 hp) (China)
- 2017 Toyota Highlander (GSU50/55) 220 kW (295 hp)
- 2017 Toyota Sienna (GSL30/33/35) 221 kW (296 hp)
- 2017 Toyota Camry (GSV70) 224 kW (301 hp)
- 2017 Toyota Alphard (GGH30) 221 kW (296 hp)
- 2018 Lexus IS350 (XE30) 232 kW (311 hp)
2GR-FXS
The 2GR-FXS is the hybrid version of the 2GR-FKS.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2015-present Lexus RX 450h (GYL20/25) 230 kW (308 hp)
- 2016-present Toyota Highlander (GVU58) 228 kW (306 hp)
- 2016-present Lexus GS 450h (GWL12) 252 kW (338 hp)
3GR
3GR-FE
The 3GR-FE is a 3.0 L (2994 cc) version with Dual VVT-i, designed for RWD longitudinal mounting. Bore is 87.5 mm while stroke is shared with the 2GR at 83 mm, with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. Output is 170 kW (228 hp) at 6,400 RPM, and 300 N?m (221 lb?ft) at 4,800 RPM.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2003 Toyota Crown (GRS182) (China, Asia-Pacific ex.Japan)
- 2005 Toyota Reiz (GRX121) (China)
- 2005 Lexus GS 300 (GRS190) (Middle East, Asia-Pacific ex.Japan)
- 2007 Lexus IS 300 & IS 300 C (GSE22) (Middle East, Asia-Pacific ex.Japan)
3GR-FSE
The 3GR-FSE adds D-4 direct injection. The 3GR-FSE engine is rated at 256 PS (188 kW; 252 hp) at 6,200 RPM and 32 kg?m (314 N?m; 231 lb?ft) at 3,600 RPM.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2004 Toyota Mark X (GRX121) (Japan)
- 2003 Toyota Crown Royal & Athlete (GRS182/183) (Japan)
- 2005 Lexus GS 300 (GRS190/195) (Europe & North America)
- 2008 Toyota Crown Royal (GRS202/203) (Japan)
Supercharged
- 2006-2009 Toyota Mark X Supercharged 320 PS (316 hp)
4GR
4GR-FSE
The 4GR-FSE is a 2.5 L (2499 cc) version. Bore is 83.0 mm while stroke is reduced to 77.0 mm with a compression ratio of 12.0:1. Output is 203-215 PS (149-158 kW; 200-212 hp) at 6,400 RPM and 24.78-26.5 kg?m (243-260 N?m; 179-192 lb?ft) at 3,800 RPM. This version also features Dual VVT-i, variable valve timing on both the intake and exhaust cams and an improved D4 direct injection system.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2003 Toyota Crown Royal & Athlete (GRS180/181)(Japan)
- 2004 Toyota Mark X (GRX120/125) (Japan)
- 2005-2013 Lexus IS 250 (GSE20/25)
- 2008 Toyota Crown Royal & Athlete (GRS200/201) (Japan)
- 2009-present Toyota Mark X (GRX130/135) (Japan)
- 2009-2015 Lexus IS 250C (GSE20)
- 2012-2015 Lexus GS 250
- 2012-present Toyota Crown Royal (Japan)
- 2013-2015 Lexus IS 250 (GSE30/35)
5GR
5GR-FE
The 5GR-FE is a 2.5 L (2497 cc) version. Bore is 87.5 mm while stroke is 69.2 mm with a compression ratio of 10.0:1. Output is 145 kW (194 hp) at 6,200 RPM and 24.7 kg?m (242 N?m; 179 lb?ft) at 4,400 RPM. This version does not include direct injection, but does include Dual VVT-i. The 5GR-FE engine is only built in China for vehicles for the Chinese market. Using the same bore as the 3GR-FE which is also built in China it can be built on the same production line, thus reducing production cost.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2005 Toyota Reiz (GRX122) (China)
- 2005 Toyota Crown (GRS188) (China)
6GR
6GR-FE
The 6GR-FE is a 4.0 L (3956 cc) version. Bore is 94.0 mm while stroke is 95.0 mm. This version does not include direct injection, but does include Dual VVT-i and is similar to the updated Dual VVT-i 1GR-FE, engine output is 229 hp (171 kW; 232 PS) at 5,000 RPM and 345 N?m (35.2 kg?m; 254 lb?ft) at 4,400 RPM.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2013 Toyota Coaster (GRB53) (China)
7GR
7GR-FKS
The 7GR-FKS is a 3.5 L (3456 cc) version. Bore is 94.0 mm while stroke is 83.0 mm. This version features a D-4S combined injection system,and includes Dual VVT-i and is similar to the 2GR-FKS, engine output is 276 hp (206 kW; 280 PS) at 6,000 RPM and 365 N?m (37.2 kg?m; 269 lb?ft) at 4,500 RPM.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2016-present Toyota Land Cruiser Prado (GRJ152L) (China)
8GR
8GR-FXS
The 8GR-FXS is a 3.5 L (3456 cc) version. Bore is 94.0 mm and stroke is 83.0 mm with a compression ratio of 13.0:1. Used in Hybrid applications, and including on-demand Atkinson cycle, engine output is 295 hp (220 kW; 299 PS) at 6,600 RPM and 350 N?m (36 kg?m; 258 lb?ft) at 5,100 RPM. The 8GR-FXS uses a similar fuel setup to the 2GR-FKS, combining the D-4S system and the simulated on-demand Atkinson cycle used in the 2UR-GSE and 8AR-FTS engines. The intake camshafts are equipped with VVT-iW and the exhaust camshafts are equipped with VVT-i.
Applications (calendar years):
- 2017 Lexus LC 500h (GWZ100)
- 2017 Lexus LS 500h
See also
- List of Toyota engines
- List of Toyota transmissions
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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